Post lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) is a medical condition characterized by a persistent headache that occurs after a lumbar puncture (also known as a spinal tap). A lumbar puncture is a procedure in which a needle is inserted into the lower part of the spine to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
PLPH typically develops within a few hours to a couple of days after the lumbar puncture procedure. The headache is typically described as severe and throbbing, and it is often accompanied by neck stiffness and sensitivity to light and sound. The pain is usually located at the back of the head and can be exacerbated by sitting or standing upright, while lying down may provide some relief.
The exact cause of PLPH is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to a decrease in CSF pressure following the removal of fluid during the lumbar puncture. This decrease in pressure can lead to tension and stretching of the blood vessels and meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord, triggering the headache.
Treatment options for PLPH include conservative measures such as bed rest, adequate hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers. However, in more severe cases, additional interventions may be required, such as a blood patch procedure, where a small amount of the patient’s own blood is injected into the lumbar region to create a seal and restore normal CSF pressure.
In summary, post lumbar puncture headache is a condition characterized by a severe and persistent headache that develops after a lumbar puncture. It is thought to be caused by a decrease in CSF pressure following the procedure and can be managed with conservative measures or more invasive interventions if necessary.
